• Blood in the urine
• Dark urine (smoke, cola, or tea colored)
• Cloudy urine
• Decrease in urine volume
• Swelling of any part of the body
• Changes in mental status
  • decreased alertness
  • decreased concentration

The results of a physical examination vary depending on the symptoms of the disorder. Edema is common, along with signs of fluid overload such as abnormal sounds on auscultation of the heart and lungs. The blood pressure is often elevated.

These tests help confirm the diagnosis:

• Abnormal urinalysis:
  • white blood cells, urine
  • red blood cells in urine
  • protein, urine
  • or other abnormalities.
• Possible increase in BUN and creatinine, indicating decreased kidney function.
• Possible decrease in serum complement levels indicating immune system involvement.
• Possible presence of serum complement C3 nephritic factor.