Treatment is aimed at maximizing mobility and independence. The cause should be corrected, if possible, to reduce further damage.

If there is no history of trauma to the area, the condition developed suddenly with minimal sensation changes and no difficulty in movement, and there is no test evidence of nerve axon degeneration, then a conservation treatment plan will probably be recommended.

Corticosteroids injected into the area may reduce swelling and pressure on the nerve in some cases.

Surgery may be required if the disorder is persistent or symptoms are worsening, if there is difficulty with movement, or if there is evidence on testing that the nerve axon is degenerating. Surgical decompression of the area may reduce symptoms if the disorder is caused by entrapment of the nerve. Surgical removal of tumors or other conditions that press on the nerve may be of benefit.

CONTROLING SYMPTOMS

Over-the-counter or prescription analgesics may be needed to control pain (neuralgia). Other medications may be used to reduce the stabbing pains that some people experience, including gabapentin, carbamazepine, or tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline. Whenever possible, medication use should be avoided or minimized to reduce the risk of side effects.

If pain is severe, a pain specialist should be consulted so that all options for pain treatment are explored.

Physical therapy exercises may be appropriate for some people to maintain muscle strength.

Orthopedic assistance may maximize the ability to walk and prevents contractures. This may include use of braces, splints, orthopedic shoes, or other equipment.

Vocational counseling, occupational therapy, or similar intervention may be recommended to help maximize mobility and independence.

The outcome depends on the underlying cause. Successful treatment of the underlying cause may resolve the dysfunction. Resolution may take several months until the nerve can grow back.

Alternately, if nerve damage is severe, disability may be permanent. The nerve pain may be quite uncomfortable. This disorder does not usually shorten the expected life span.

• Decreased ability to walk
• Permanent decrease in sensation in the legs or feet
• Permanent weakness or paralysis in the legs or feet
• Side effects of medication