Prevention of arterial embolization begins with prevention of the source of the embolus. For example, if a high risk for embolism is identified, blood thinners (such as Coumadin) may be prescribed to prevent formation of a blood clot that could be a source of the embolism.

Antiplatelet agents may also be needed. Measures to reduce atherosclerosis may reduce risk of an arterial embolus forming from a piece of atherosclerotic plaque. The risk for both atherosclerosis and clot formation/embolism increases in persons who smoke, are under stress, are overweight, or who lead a sedentary life.