Point tenderness - abdomen
Definition
Abdominal point tenderness refers to the pain you feel when pressure is applied to a specific part of the belly area (abdomen).
Alternative Names
Abdominal tendernessConsiderations
The abdomen is an area of the body a doctor can easily examine by touch. The doctor can feel masses and organs within the abdomen and pinpoint where you feel pain.
Abdominal tenderness spans a spectrum from mild tenderness to severe pain. Rebound tenderness occurs when the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity (the peritoneum) is irritated, inflamed, or infected (peritonitis ).
With peritonitis, the patient will often tense the abdominal-wall muscles when the abdomen is touched by the doctor. This is called "guarding." Point tenderness is a more general term which defines tenderness in a particular location.
The most common location that shows point tenderness is McBurney's point. This is located by drawing a line from the navel to the highest part of the pelvic bone on the right side (iliac crest). Divide the line into three equal lengths. McBurney's point is 2/3 of the way up from the navel to the iliac crest. Pressure over this point will cause pain in people with symptoms of appendicitis.
Causes
- Appendicitis
- Incarcerated or strangulated hernia
- Ovarian torsion (twisted Fallopian tube)
- Pelvic inflammatory disease
- Abdominal abscess
- Hepatitis
- Diverticular disease
- Meckel's diverticulum
When to Contact a Medical Professional
Any person with point tenderness should call or present to an emergency room in order to be examined promptly by the health care provider!
What to Expect at Your Office Visit
During the physical examination, the doctor may ask:
- Time pattern
- When did the abdominal pain associated with this point tenderness develop?
- Is this the first time that this kind of discomfort has occurred?
- If it has occurred before, have you noticed any pattern to the occurrences?
- Other
- What other symptoms are also present?
- Is there vomiting?
- Is there rebound tenderness (the tenderness is worse when the area is gently pressed and then the pressure is suddenly released).
- Is there diarrhea or constipation?
- Is there a fever?
- Are there fever or chills?
- Is the person fainting?
- Abdominal film
- Abdominal CT scan (occasionally)
- Laboratory tests such as a CBC
Sometimes, the physical examination will indicate a need for immediate surgery (an exploratory laparotomy or an emergency appendectomy). This is usually the case if signs of diffuse peritonitis are present.
Reviewed By: Benjamin W. Van Voorhees, MD, MPH, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Pediatrics and Psychiatry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
