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Windshield washer fluid

Definition

Windshield washer fluid is a brightly colored liquid made of methanol, a poisonous alcohol. Some young children may mistake the fluid for juice, which can lead to accidental poisoning. Even small amounts can cause significant damage. This article discusses poisoning from windshield washer fluids.

See also: Methanol poisoning

Poisonous Ingredient

• Methanol (methyl alcohol, wood alcohol)

Where Found

• Windshield washer fluid (used to clean automobile windows)

Symptoms

• Abdominal pain
• Blindness
• Bluish skin (lips and fingernails)
• Blurred vision
• Breathing - rapid, shallow
• Breathing - stopped
• Coma
• Confusion
• Dizziness
• Drop in blood pressure
• Fatigue
• Headache
• Leg cramps
• Nausea
• Seizures
• Vomiting
• Weakness

Home Care

Seek immediate medical help. DO NOT make a person throw up unless told to do so by Poison Control or a health care professional.

Before Calling Emergency

Determine the following information:

• Patient's age, weight, and condition
• Name of the product (ingredients and strengths, if known)
• Time it was swallowed
• Amount swallowed

Poison Control

The National Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222) can be called from anywhere in the United States. This national hotline number will let you talk to experts in poisoning. They will give you further instructions.

This is a free and confidential service. All local poison control centers in the U.S. use this national number. You should call if you have any questions about poisoning or poison prevention. It does NOT need to be an emergency. You can call for any reason, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Take the container with you to the hospital, if possible.

See National Poison Control center.

What to Expect at the Emergency Room

The health care provider will measure and monitor the patient's vital signs, including temperature, pulse, breathing rate, and blood pressure. The patient may receive:

• Dialysis
• Medicines called folinic acid and bicarbonate
• Medicines to treat symptoms
• Medicine (antidote) to reverse the effect of the poison (usually fomepizole and ethanol)
• Nasogastric (NG) tube thru the nose into the stomach to empty the stomach ( gastric lavage)

Outlook (Prognosis)

Methanol, the main ingredient in windshield washer fluid, is extremely poisonous. As little as 2 tablespoons can kill a child, while 2 to 8 ounces can be deadly for an adult. How well a patient does depends on how much was swallowed and how soon treatment was received.

Although many windshield washer fluids are a watered-down form of methanol, they can still be dangerous if swallowed.

References

Henry K. Deadly Ingestions. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2006; 53(2): 293-315.

Michael JB. Deadly pediatric poisons: nine common agents that kill at low doses. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2004; 22(4): 1019-50.

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