Hemoglobin C disease
Definition
Hemoglobin C disease is a blood disorder passed down through families. It leads to a type of anemia, which causes red blood cells to break down earlier than normal.
Alternative Names
Clinical hemoglobin CCauses
Hemoglobin C is a problem with hemoglobin, the part of red blood cells that carry oxygen. It is a type of hemoglobinopathy. The disease is caused by problem with a gene called beta globin.
The disease most often occurs in African Americans. You are more likely to develop hemoglobin C disease if someone in your family has had it.
Symptoms
Most people do not have symptoms. Occasionally, jaundice may occur. Some persons with this disease may develop gallstones that require treatment.
Exams and Tests
Physical examination reveals an enlarged spleen.
Tests that may be done include:
- Complete blood count
- Hemoglobin electrophoresis
- Peripheral smear
- Serum hemoglobin
Treatment
Usually no treatment is needed. Folic acid supplementation may help your body produce normal red blood cells and improve the symptoms of the anemia.
Outlook (Prognosis)
People with hemoglobin C disease can expect to lead a normal life.
Possible Complications
Complications include episodes of pain, hip problems, vision problems, and gallbladder disease.
When to Contact a Medical Professional
Call your health care provider if you have symptoms of hemoglobin C disease.
Prevention
Genetic counseling may be appropriate for high-risk couples who wish to have a baby.
References
Goldman L, Ausiello D. Cecil Textbook of Medicine. 22nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 2004.
Noble J. Textbook of Primary Care Medicine. 3rd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2001.
Reviewed By: Mark Levin, MD, Hematologist and Oncologist, Newark, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
